📘 Physics of Solids – 100 Basic MCQs
Board Exams | MDCAT | ECAT | NUST | PIEAS | GIKI | UET | FAST
Whether you are preparing for board examinations, chapter tests, college assessments, or competitive entrance examinations (MDCAT, ECAT, NUST, PIEAS, GIKI, UET, FAST, and other engineering or medical admission tests), this comprehensive MCQ collection is designed to help you master Physics of Solids. The questions are arranged progressively—from basic concepts to conceptual understanding and examination-level applications—ensuring complete preparation for every type of examination.
This chapter contains:
- ✅ 100 Basic MCQs (Level-1)
- ✅ Correct Answer for every question
- ✅ Concept-based Explanation for every MCQ
- ✅ Progressive learning from easy to difficult
- ✅ Complete preparation for board and competitive examinations
📚 Chapter
Physics of Solids
❓ Total MCQs
100
🎯 Difficulty
Basic Level
✅ Answers
Included
💡 Explanations
Included
▲
📘 MCQ No. 1
🟢 BASIC
Which of the following best defines a solid?
A. A substance having definite shape and definite volume.
B. A substance having definite volume but no definite shape.
C. A substance having neither definite shape nor definite volume.
D. A substance that always flows.
✅ Correct Answer: A. A substance having definite shape and definite volume.
A solid has closely packed particles held together by strong intermolecular forces. Therefore, it possesses both a definite shape and a definite volume under ordinary conditions.
📘 MCQ No. 2
🟢 BASIC
Which force mainly keeps the atoms or molecules of a solid together?
A. Gravitational force
B. Electrostatic intermolecular force
C. Magnetic force
D. Nuclear force
✅ Correct Answer: B. Electrostatic intermolecular force
The atoms or molecules in solids are held together by strong electrostatic forces between charged particles, giving solids their rigidity and stability.
📘 MCQ No. 3
🟢 BASIC
The ability of a material to regain its original shape after the removal of an external force is called:
A. Plasticity
B. Elasticity
C. Brittleness
D. Rigidity
✅ Correct Answer: B. Elasticity
Elasticity is the property by which a body returns to its original dimensions after the deforming force is removed, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded.
📘 MCQ No. 4
🟢 BASIC
The SI unit of stress is:
A. Newton (N)
B. Joule (J)
C. Pascal (Pa)
D. Watt (W)
✅ Correct Answer: C. Pascal (Pa)
Stress is defined as force acting per unit area. Since its SI unit is N/m², it is called the pascal (Pa).
📘 MCQ No. 5
🟢 BASIC
Stress is equal to:
A. Force × Area
B. Force ÷ Area
C. Area ÷ Force
D. Force × Length
✅ Correct Answer: B. Force ÷ Area
Stress is the internal restoring force developed per unit cross-sectional area of a material when an external force is applied.
📘 MCQ No. 6
🟢 BASIC
Which of the following is a dimensionless quantity?
A. Stress
B. Pressure
C. Strain
D. Force
✅ Correct Answer: C. Strain
Strain is the ratio of change in dimension to the original dimension. Since it is the ratio of two similar quantities, it has no unit or dimension.
📘 MCQ No. 7
🟢 BASIC
Hooke's law is applicable only:
A. Beyond the elastic limit
B. Up to the elastic limit
C. Only for liquids
D. Only for gases
✅ Correct Answer: B. Up to the elastic limit
Hooke's law states that stress is directly proportional to strain only as long as the material remains within its elastic limit.
📘 MCQ No. 8
🟢 BASIC
The ratio of stress to strain within the elastic limit is known as:
A. Elastic constant
B. Young's modulus
C. Bulk density
D. Surface tension
✅ Correct Answer: B. Young's modulus
Young's modulus is the ratio of tensile (or compressive) stress to the corresponding longitudinal strain within the elastic limit. It measures the stiffness of a material.
MCQ No. 9
🟢 BASIC
Which property describes the stiffness of a material?
A. Young's modulus
B. Density
C. Elastic limit
D. Pressure
✅ Correct Answer: A. Young's modulus
Young's modulus measures the stiffness or rigidity of a material. A larger value of Young's modulus indicates a stiffer material that undergoes less deformation under the same applied stress.
MCQ No. 10
🟢 BASIC
Which type of deformation disappears completely after removing the applied force?
A. Plastic deformation
B. Permanent deformation
C. Elastic deformation
D. Fracture
✅ Correct Answer: C. Elastic deformation
Elastic deformation is temporary. The material regains its original dimensions when the deforming force is removed, provided the elastic limit has not been exceeded.
MCQ No. 11
🟢 BASIC
The maximum stress that a material can withstand without permanent deformation is called:
A. Breaking stress
B. Elastic limit
C. Shear stress
D. Bulk modulus
✅ Correct Answer: B. Elastic limit
The elastic limit is the greatest stress that a material can experience while still returning completely to its original shape after the force is removed.
MCQ No. 12
🟢 BASIC
The tendency of a material to break without significant deformation is known as:
A. Elasticity
B. Plasticity
C. Brittleness
D. Ductility
✅ Correct Answer: C. Brittleness
Brittle materials fracture suddenly with very little or no plastic deformation. Glass is a common example of a brittle material.
MCQ No. 13
🟢 BASIC
Which of the following materials is generally considered highly elastic?
A. Rubber
B. Steel
C. Glass
D. Clay
✅ Correct Answer: B. Steel
In physics, elasticity is measured by the ability to return to the original shape. Steel has a much higher Young's modulus than rubber, making it more elastic in the scientific sense.
MCQ No. 14
🟢 BASIC
Which property enables a material to be drawn into thin wires?
A. Malleability
B. Brittleness
C. Ductility
D. Rigidity
✅ Correct Answer: C. Ductility
Ductility is the property of a material that allows it to be stretched into thin wires without breaking. Copper and aluminum are good examples of ductile materials.
MCQ No. 15
🟢 BASIC
Which property allows a material to be hammered into thin sheets?
A. Ductility
B. Malleability
C. Elasticity
D. Hardness
✅ Correct Answer: B. Malleability
Malleability is the property of a material that enables it to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without cracking. Gold is one of the most malleable metals.
✅ You have completed MCQs 1–15
Continue to the next section for MCQs 16–30.
MCQ No. 16
🟢 BASIC
Which material is most suitable for making springs?
A. Rubber
B. Copper
C. Steel
D. Lead
✅ Correct Answer: C. Steel
Steel possesses a high elastic limit and a large Young's modulus, allowing it to regain its original shape repeatedly. Hence, it is widely used in the manufacture of springs.
MCQ No. 17
🟢 BASIC
Which of the following is an example of an elastic material?
A. Wet clay
B. Steel
C. Wax
D. Putty
✅ Correct Answer: B. Steel
Steel returns to its original dimensions after the applied force is removed, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded. Therefore, it is considered highly elastic.
MCQ No. 18
🟢 BASIC
The ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain is called:
A. Young's modulus
B. Bulk modulus
C. Poisson's ratio
D. Shear modulus
✅ Correct Answer: C. Poisson's ratio
Poisson's ratio relates the contraction across a material to its extension along the applied force and is an important elastic constant.
MCQ No. 19
🟢 BASIC
Which elastic constant is associated with a change in volume?
A. Young's modulus
B. Bulk modulus
C. Shear modulus
D. Poisson's ratio
✅ Correct Answer: B. Bulk modulus
Bulk modulus measures a material's resistance to uniform compression and relates volumetric stress to volumetric strain.
MCQ No. 20
🟢 BASIC
Bulk modulus is defined as:
A. Longitudinal stress / Longitudinal strain
B. Shearing stress / Shearing strain
C. Volumetric stress / Volumetric strain
D. Force / Area
✅ Correct Answer: C. Volumetric stress / Volumetric strain
Bulk modulus is the ratio of normal stress applied equally in all directions to the resulting volumetric strain.
MCQ No. 21
🟢 BASIC
The SI unit of Young's modulus is:
A. Newton
B. Joule
C. Pascal
D. Watt
✅ Correct Answer: C. Pascal (Pa)
Since Young's modulus is the ratio of stress to strain, and strain is dimensionless, its SI unit is the same as stress, i.e., pascal (Pa).
MCQ No. 22
🟢 BASIC
A material having a large Young's modulus is:
A. Easily stretched
B. Highly compressible
C. More rigid
D. More ductile
✅ Correct Answer: C. More rigid
A larger Young's modulus means greater resistance to deformation. Such materials are stiffer and more rigid.
MCQ No. 23
🟢 BASIC
Which elastic constant is associated with shearing deformation?
A. Young's modulus
B. Bulk modulus
C. Shear modulus (Modulus of Rigidity)
D. Poisson's ratio
✅ Correct Answer: C. Shear modulus (Modulus of Rigidity)
Shear modulus is the ratio of shearing stress to shearing strain and measures a material's resistance to shearing forces.
MCQ No. 24
🟢 BASIC
The deformation produced by equal and opposite tangential forces is called:
A. Tensile deformation
B. Compressive deformation
C. Shearing deformation
D. Volumetric deformation
✅ Correct Answer: C. Shearing deformation
Shearing deformation occurs when tangential forces act parallel to a surface, causing adjacent layers of the material to slide relative to one another.
MCQ No. 25
🟢 BASIC
The reciprocal of Young's modulus is known as:
A. Compressibility
B. Elastic limit
C. Rigidity
D. Strain
✅ Correct Answer: A. Compressibility (Elastic Compliance)
The reciprocal of Young's modulus represents the compliance (or extensibility) of a material, indicating how easily it deforms under stress.
MCQ No. 26
🟢 BASIC
Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
A. Stress
B. Force
C. Displacement
D. Velocity
✅ Correct Answer: A. Stress
Stress has magnitude only and is expressed as force per unit area. It is treated as a scalar quantity at the introductory level.
MCQ No. 27
🟢 BASIC
Which material generally has the highest Young's modulus?
A. Rubber
B. Steel
C. Wood
D. Plastic
✅ Correct Answer: B. Steel
Among the given materials, steel possesses the highest Young's modulus, making it much stiffer than rubber, wood, or plastic.
MCQ No. 28
🟢 BASIC
Hooke's law states that within the elastic limit:
A. Stress is inversely proportional to strain.
B. Stress is directly proportional to strain.
C. Stress remains constant.
D. Strain is independent of stress.
✅ Correct Answer: B. Stress is directly proportional to strain.
Hooke's law describes a linear relationship between stress and strain for elastic materials, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded.
MCQ No. 29
🟢 BASIC
Which graph represents Hooke's law?
A. A straight line passing through the origin
B. A horizontal line
C. A parabola
D. A random curve
✅ Correct Answer: A. A straight line passing through the origin
Since stress is directly proportional to strain within the elastic limit, the stress-strain graph is a straight line through the origin.
MCQ No. 30
🟢 BASIC
The slope of the stress-strain graph within the elastic limit gives:
A. Bulk modulus
B. Young's modulus
C. Shear modulus
D. Poisson's ratio
✅ Correct Answer: B. Young's modulus
The slope of the linear portion of the stress-strain curve equals Young's modulus, which measures the stiffness of a material.
✅ You have completed MCQs 16–30
Continue with Part 4 – MCQs 31–45.
MCQ No. 31
🟢 BASIC
Which property enables a material to return to its original shape after deformation?
A. Plasticity
B. Elasticity
C. Brittleness
D. Hardness
✅ Correct Answer: B. Elasticity
Elasticity is the property by which a material regains its original dimensions after the deforming force is removed, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded.
MCQ No. 32
🟢 BASIC
The deformation that remains even after the applied force is removed is called:
A. Elastic deformation
B. Temporary deformation
C. Plastic deformation
D. Shear deformation
✅ Correct Answer: C. Plastic deformation
Plastic deformation is permanent. Once the applied stress exceeds the elastic limit, the material cannot completely recover its original shape.
MCQ No. 33
🟢 BASIC
The SI unit of shear modulus is:
A. Newton
B. Joule
C. Pascal
D. Meter
✅ Correct Answer: C. Pascal (Pa)
Shear modulus is the ratio of shearing stress to shearing strain. Since strain is dimensionless, its SI unit is pascal (N/m²).
MCQ No. 34
🟢 BASIC
Which of the following produces a change in the shape of a body without significantly changing its volume?
A. Tensile stress
B. Bulk stress
C. Shearing stress
D. Compressive stress
✅ Correct Answer: C. Shearing stress
Shearing stress changes the shape of an object by causing adjacent layers to slide over one another while producing very little change in volume.
MCQ No. 35
🟢 BASIC
A material that can undergo large permanent deformation before breaking is called:
A. Brittle
B. Ductile
C. Elastic
D. Rigid
✅ Correct Answer: B. Ductile
Ductile materials can be stretched considerably and undergo significant plastic deformation before fracture. Copper and aluminum are common examples.
MCQ No. 36
🟢 BASIC
The ability of a material to resist scratching or indentation is known as:
A. Hardness
B. Elasticity
C. Ductility
D. Malleability
✅ Correct Answer: A. Hardness
Hardness is the property that enables a material to resist scratching, abrasion, cutting, or permanent surface indentation.
MCQ No. 37
🟢 BASIC
Which elastic constant determines the resistance of a material to shearing deformation?
A. Young's modulus
B. Bulk modulus
C. Shear modulus
D. Poisson's ratio
✅ Correct Answer: C. Shear modulus
Shear modulus (modulus of rigidity) measures how strongly a material resists deformation due to tangential or shearing forces.
